Probability of data, given the null hypothesis
- Idealized probability distribution for the data, given the null
hypothesis
- The p-value is the area under the tails of the confidence
inverval given then probability distribution for the data and the
given the null hypothesis.
- A small p-value casts doubt on the null hypothesis
- Accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis means choosing a cutoff
for the p-value.
- In practice, \(p <0.05\) is usually termed a significant
difference.