25.14 Categorical distributions

• Discrete and continuous variables can be categorized

Example: Disease Testing

• LOOK AT ADDING A MOSAIC PLOT WITH GGPLOTLY

• An important categorical distribution is the 2x2 table

  • Used in orthopaedics to compare a diagnosis with a diagnostic test, resulting in sensitivities and specificities

  • It is useful to think of this as a probability distribution...

  • ... it makes derived concepts such as sensitivity/specificity, positive/negative predictive value, the p-value, and power mathematically calculable